Tokayev offers Russia a seat in the Turkic bloc
At the 30 October summit of the Organization of Turkic States in Ankara, Tokayev said it would be "appropriate and fair" to welcome Russia into the OTS+ format or as an observer, the first time Astana has proposed institutional entry for Moscow into a body it helped found. Hudson Institute reads it as a tactical concession meant to link the Middle and North-South corridors; Crimean Tatar leaders urged members to reject it (Hudson Institute, Kyiv Post).
- Washington suspends the Graham Act's Russia measures
- Minerals compact puts a $20 billion figure behind processing
- + 3 more